Foods
Foods we’ve checked
159 foods, 229 preparations in all
How we checked these
The foods we’ve checked, grouped the way you’d shop for them, each with a line on what to watch. For anything else, look it up.
Measured hazard data for 155 of them (“Not tested for contaminants yet” shows on the others: 4), and what your body actually absorbs where studies exist. Every number carries its source.
Each food has one entry below, so the entries add up to the 159 foods. The other 70 preparations are listed under “Also” on their food’s entry.
Where a line counts servings to a limit, it uses that limit’s own window, a day, a week, one sitting or one meal, and says which. Agencies set the windows differently, so a count for one food is not comparable with a count for another.
What “Limit it”, “Go easy” and the other words mean
Meat & fish · 25 foods
Bacon, pan-friedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Beef liver, pan-friedLimit it to once a week or less: copper and preformed vitamin A. About 0.3 servings in a day reach the limit.
Also: Beef liver, raw
Beef steak, top loin, grilledWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated fat.

Chicken liver, simmeredLimit it to once a week or less: preformed vitamin A. About 0.8 servings in a day reach the limit.
Also: Chicken liver, raw

Clams, cookedLimit it to once a week or less: cadmium. About 1.2 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat. Worth knowing: norovirus and vibrio. A lot per serving: sodium.

Deli turkey breastA lot per serving: sodium. Nothing else to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: listeria and tyramine.
Eastern oysters, rawLimit it to once a week or less: cadmium. About 1 serving a week takes an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat. Worth knowing: norovirus and vibrio.
Also: Pacific oysters, raw
Farmed salmon, cookedGo easy on big portions: histamine. About 2 servings in one meal reach the limit.
Also: Farmed salmon, raw
Ground beef, 80% lean, cookedA lot per serving: saturated and trans fat. Nothing else to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: alpha-gal syndrome.
Ground turkey, 93% lean, cookedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Ham, slicedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Light tuna, canned in waterLight tuna, canned in water: worth knowing (dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs). Albacore (white) tuna, canned in water: limit it to once a week or less, for methylmercury. About 3.8 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat.
Mackerel, cookedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated fat.
Also: Mackerel, canned · Mackerel, raw
Mussels, cookedLimit it to once a week or less: cadmium. About 0.9 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat. Worth knowing: norovirus and vibrio.
Oysters, cannedLimit it to once a week or less: cadmium. About 0.7 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat.
Pork chop, pan-friedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated and trans fat.
Also: Pork chop, raw
Pork sausage, pan-friedWorth knowing: n-nitrosamines and dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated and trans fat.
Also: Pork sausage, raw
Sardines, canned in oilWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Sardines, canned in waterWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Shrimp, cookedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: sodium.
Sockeye salmon, cannedWorth knowing: bisphenol A and dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Tilapia, cookedNothing to watch so far.
Dairy & eggs · 18 foods
Butter, saltedWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated and trans fat.
Also: Butter, unsalted
CheddarA lot per serving: saturated and trans fat. Nothing else to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: listeria and tyramine and MAO inhibitors.

Cottage cheeseNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: listeria and tyramine and MAO inhibitors.
Cream cheeseWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated and trans fat.
Eggs, hard-boiledEggs, hard-boiled: nothing to watch. Eggs, scrambled: a lot per serving: saturated and trans fat; nothing else to watch.
Also: Eggs, scrambled · Eggs, raw
FetaNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: listeria.
Greek yogurt, plain, nonfatNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: dairy and ciprofloxacin.


Mozzarella, part-skimNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: tyramine and MAO inhibitors.
ParmesanNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: listeria and tyramine and MAO inhibitors.
Plain yogurt, low-fatNothing to watch.
Plain yogurt, whole milkNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: dairy and ciprofloxacin.
Processed cheese slicesWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: sodium and saturated and trans fat.
Sour creamWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs.
Swiss cheeseA lot per serving: saturated and trans fat. Nothing else to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: listeria and tyramine and MAO inhibitors.
Beans & soy · 14 foods


HummusWorth knowing: salmonella.


Peanut butter, smoothGo easy: aflatoxins can add up.
Pinto beans, cookedNothing to watch.
Refried beans, cannedWorth knowing: bisphenol A.
Soy drink, unsweetened, fortifiedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: soy and levothyroxine and plant-based drinks under 2 years.
Soy sauceA lot per serving: sodium. Nothing else to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: gluten and tyramine.
Soybeans, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
TempehNothing to watch.
Tofu, calcium-setNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: tyramine and MAO inhibitors.
White beans, cookedNothing to watch.
Grains & potatoes · 16 foods
Breakfast cerealGo easy: inorganic arsenic can add up.
Brown rice, cookedGo easy: inorganic arsenic can add up.
Chia seedsNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and nickel for people who are sensitised.
Also: Chia seeds, ground
CookiesNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: gluten.
Corn tortillasWorth knowing: aflatoxins.
CrackersNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: gluten.
Flour tortillasWorth knowing: lead.
Oatmeal, cooked with waterOatmeal, cooked with water: nothing to watch for most people, worth knowing for some (gluten cross-contact). Rolled oats, dry: worth knowing (lead).
Also: Rolled oats, dry
Pasta, cookedGo easy: cadmium can add up. About 7 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat.
Also: Whole-wheat pasta, cooked · Pasta, dry · Whole-wheat pasta, dry
Potato, bakedGo easy on big portions: potato glycoalkaloids. About 1.3 servings at one sitting reach the limit.
Also: Potato, boiled


White breadNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: gluten.
Also: White bread, toasted
White rice, cookedGo easy: inorganic arsenic can add up.
Whole-wheat breadNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: gluten.
Vegetables · 29 foods
Arugula, rawGo easy: cadmium can add up. About 6.9 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat.
Asparagus, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Beets, cookedNothing to watch.
Bok choy, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Broccoli, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: uncooked frozen vegetables and vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Broccoli, cooked
Brussels sprouts, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: uncooked frozen vegetables and vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Brussels sprouts, raw
Butternut squash, bakedWorth knowing: cucurbitacins.
Carrots, rawNothing to watch.
Cauliflower, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: uncooked frozen vegetables and vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Cauliflower, raw
Celery, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: listeria and vitamin K and warfarin.
Cucumber, rawWorth knowing: salmonella.
Edamame, cookedNot tested for contaminants yet.
Eggplant, cookedNothing to watch so far.
Garlic, rawWorth knowing: botulism.
Green beans, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Green cabbage, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: uncooked frozen vegetables and vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Green cabbage, raw
Green peas, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Green peas, frozen

Iceberg lettuce, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: listeria and vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Romaine lettuce, raw
Kale, cookedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Kale, raw


Onions, sautéedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Onions, raw
Spinach, rawGo easy: cadmium can add up. About 5.5 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat. Its calcium barely gets in.
Also: Spinach, cooked
Sweet corn, frozen, cookedWorth knowing: salmonella.

Turnip greens, cookedNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: uncooked frozen vegetables and vitamin K and warfarin.
Watercress, rawNot tested for contaminants yet.
Zucchini, cookedWorth knowing: cucurbitacins.
Fruit · 24 foods
Apple (Fuji), rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and oral allergy to Rosaceae fruit.
Avocado, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: latex-fruit syndrome and vitamin K and warfarin.
Banana, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: latex-fruit syndrome.
Blueberries, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Cantaloupe, rawWorth knowing: salmonella.
Cherries, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and oral allergy to Rosaceae fruit.
Dried cranberries, sweetenedNothing to watch.
Grapefruit, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: grapefruit-type drug interactions.
Grapes, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and vitamin K and warfarin.
Kiwi, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: kiwifruit allergy, latex-fruit syndrome and vitamin K and warfarin.
Lemon juiceNot tested for contaminants yet.
Mandarins, rawNothing to watch.
Mango, rawNothing to watch so far.
Medjool datesNothing to watch so far.
Orange juiceNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: fruit juice and medicines.
Oranges, rawNothing to watch.
Peaches, rawWorth knowing: salmonella.
Pears, rawNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: oral allergy to Rosaceae fruit.
Pineapple, rawNothing to watch so far.
RaisinsNothing to watch so far.

Rhubarb, stewedRhubarb, stewed: nothing to watch for most people, worth knowing for some (oxalate for kidney-stone formers). Rhubarb, raw: not tested for contaminants yet.
Also: Rhubarb, raw

Watermelon, rawWorth knowing: salmonella.
Nuts & seeds · 12 foods
Almond butterGo easy: aflatoxins can add up.

Brazil nuts, rawGo easy: aflatoxins can add up.
Cashews, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and nickel for people who are sensitised.
Flaxseed, groundGo easy: cyanogenic glycosides can add up. About 1.5 servings at one sitting reach the limit.
Also: Flaxseed, whole

Pistachios, dry-roastedGo easy: aflatoxins can add up.
Pumpkin seedsNothing to watch so far.
Sesame seeds, hulledSesame seeds, hulled: nothing to watch for most people, worth knowing for some (choking risk under age 4). Sesame seeds, whole: worth knowing (aflatoxins).
Also: Sesame seeds, whole
Sunflower seeds, dry-roastedGo easy: cadmium can add up. About 4.3 servings a week take an average adult to the limit, counting what they already eat.
TahiniWorth knowing: salmonella.
Walnuts, rawNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and nickel for people who are sensitised.
Herbs & extras · 21 foods
Almond drink, unsweetened, fortifiedGo easy: aflatoxins can add up.
Black tea, brewedNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: caffeine in pregnancy.
Canola oilNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Also: Corn oil · Soybean oil · Sunflower oil
Coconut oilGo easy: mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons can add up. A lot per serving: saturated and trans fat.
Coffee, brewedGo easy: furan and caffeine in one sitting can add up.
ColaNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: caffeine in pregnancy.
Dark chocolateA lot per serving: saturated and trans fat. Nothing else to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: nickel for people who are sensitised and tyramine.
Also: Milk chocolate
Diet colaNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: aspartame and phenylketonuria and caffeine in pregnancy.

Green tea, brewedNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: caffeine in pregnancy.
HoneyNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: infant botulism.
Ice cream, vanillaWorth knowing: dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. A lot per serving: saturated fat.
Maple syrupNothing to watch.
MayonnaiseWorth knowing: salmonella.
Oat drink, unsweetened, fortifiedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: gluten cross-contact and plant-based drinks under 2 years.
Olive oil, extra virginNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: vitamin K and warfarin.
Popcorn, air-poppedNothing to watch for most people. Worth knowing for some: choking risk under age 4 and nickel for people who are sensitised.
Ranch dressingWorth knowing: salmonella.
SauerkrautNothing to watch for most people so far. Worth knowing for some: sulphites, tyramine and vitamin K and warfarin.
Tortilla chipsWorth knowing: aflatoxins.

Look up any food
9,266 more foods from the USDA and Canadian databases. Listed values only: we haven’t checked them yet.
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