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Aflatoxin M1

In the body: It is the aflatoxin that reaches milk when cows eat contaminated feed. IARC classes aflatoxins as carcinogenic to humans, for liver cancer, and M1 caused cancer in animals. That is how sure the evidence is, not how big the risk is.

Not rated by dose: a flag on 4 reviewed foods, among them Ice cream, vanilla, low-fat kefir and Processed cheese slices. The list below has a line for each of 5 preparations.

Background. Shown, not scored: no dose basis at normal intake, a classification rather than a risk, or legal limits only.

See also: Aflatoxins

All hazards

The reference value and where it comes from

  • The agency’s figureno agency dose value
  • Basisaflatoxin M1 in milk products (no Canadian standard; CFIA compares with Codex 0.5 ppb)
  • Source CFIA 2022

Reviewed foods that carry it

4 reviewed foods carry it; none is rated by dose. A food counts once, as in the foods list: preparations sharing a page (raw and cooked, canned) count once; one with its own page counts apart. Below, one line for each of 5 preparations.

How often you can eat it

No food here is rated by dose. Each line says why it’s listed: a flag for the people the source names, advice on handling it, or context.

Among our foods but not yet measured for it, so no line below: milk.

Flags and context, not rated by dose

  • Butter, salted

    Context

    PubMed 21873812 · grade B

    How it’s rated

    Context only (aflatoxin M1 is shown as context): no grams figure, no rating. A 30-sample foreign survey with no detects is not a Canadian occurrence figure.

    Intake: one 10.0 g serving, 70 kg adult (Health Canada TRA H.1)

    Measured on: Japan, imported butter, immunoaffinity-column HPLC survey (Sakuma 2011); not Canadian; aflatoxin M1 is shown as context

  • Butter, unsalted

    Context

    PubMed 21873812 · grade B

    How it’s rated

    Context only (aflatoxin M1 is shown as context): no grams figure, no rating. A 30-sample foreign survey with no detects is not a Canadian occurrence figure.

    Intake: one 10.0 g serving, 70 kg adult (Health Canada TRA H.1)

    Measured on: Japan, imported butter, immunoaffinity-column HPLC survey (Sakuma 2011); not Canadian; aflatoxin M1 is shown as context

  • Ice cream, vanilla

    Context

    PubMed 40332654 · grade B

    How it’s rated

    Context only, never scored.

    Intake: not applicable (flag)

    Measured on: context only; no Canadian ice-cream figure found

  • Kefir, low-fat

    Context

    CFIA 2022 · grade B

    How it’s rated

    Shown as context, not rated: Foodtopsy's aflatoxin reference is for aflatoxin B1, and aflatoxin M1 has no Canadian standard (CFIA compares with the Codex maximum of 0.5 ppb). CFIA's one detect was 0.0566 ppb, in infant formula; the other 92 samples were not detected.

    Intake: one 188 mL (193.1 g) serving a day, 70 kg adult · Level in the food: 0.057 µg/kg (ppb) (single detect, n = 93)

    Measured on: category context: CFIA Children's Food Project 2022, 93 yogurt / yogurt-beverage / dairy-based infant formula samples; one infant-formula detect; no kefir sample named

  • Processed cheese slices

    Context

    PubMed 21873812 · grade B

    How it’s rated

    Context only, never scored. No figure for processed cheese or any Canadian cheese was found.

    Intake: not applicable (flag)

    Measured on: context only; no Canadian or processed-cheese figure found

Sources